whole tumor cell vaccine adjuvants: comparing il-12 to il-2 and il-15

Authors

abdolkarim sheikhi

department of immunology, dezful university of medical sciences, dezful, iran abdollah jafarzadeh

department of immunology, medical school, kerman university of medical sciences, kerman parviz kokhaei

cancer research center, department of immunology, semnan university of medical sciences, semnan, iran mohammad hojjat-farsangi

immune and gene therapy laboratory, department of oncology-pathology, karolinska cancer center, karolinska university hospital, solna and karolinska institute, stockholm, sweden

abstract

cancer immunotherapy (passive or active) involves treatments which promote the ability of the immune system to fight tumor cells. several types of immunotherapeutic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, non-specific immunomodulatory agents, and cancer vaccines are currently under intensive investigation in preclinical and clinical trials. cancer vaccines induce permanent activation of the immune system and may be considered the most promising method for cancer treatment, especially in combination with other agents of passive immunotherapy. among various approaches to cancer vaccines, whole tumor cell vaccines have been attracting attention for several years. despite their low to moderate clinical effects, these vaccines have numerous advantages. their ability to generate immune responses against tumor-associated antigens reduces the possibility for tumor cells to escape and facilitates the development of “off-the-shelf” allogeneic tumor vaccines. understanding the reciprocal interactions between tumor cells and leukocytes is a key to harness the full potential of whole cell vaccination. cytokines are considered as potent immunomodulatory molecules which behave as adjuvants in whole tumor cell vaccines. improved mechanistic understanding of key cytokines in tumor immunity will serve as a resource for rational design of whole cell cancer vaccines. although there are several reports about the use of different immunostimulatory cytokines as adjuvants, interleukin (il)-12 appears to have superior effects compared to other cytokines. this review describes the effects of il-12 compared to other immunomodulatory cytokines, such as il-2 and il-15, and highlights its application in whole cell tumor vaccination.

Upgrade to premium to download articles

Sign up to access the full text

Already have an account?login

similar resources

Whole Tumor Cell Vaccine Adjuvants: Comparing IL-12 to IL-2 and IL-15

Cancer immunotherapy (passive or active) involves treatments which promote the ability of the immune system to fight tumor cells. Several types of immunotherapeutic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, non-specific immunomodulatory agents, and cancer vaccines are currently under intensive investigation in preclinical and clinical trials. Cancer vaccines induce pe...

full text

Whole Tumor Cell Vaccine Adjuvants: Comparing IL-12 to IL-2 and IL-15.

Cancer immunotherapy (passive or active) involves treatments which promote the ability of the immune system to fight tumor cells. Several types of immunotherapeutic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, non-specific immunomodulatory agents, and cancer vaccines are currently under intensive investigation in preclinical and clinical trials. Cancer vaccines induce pe...

full text

IL-21 enhances and sustains CD8+ T cell responses to achieve durable tumor immunity: comparative evaluation of IL-2, IL-15, and IL-21.

Cytokines that use the common receptor gamma-chain for regulating CD8(+) T cell responses to Ag include IL-2, IL-15, and the recently identified IL-21. The ability of these cytokines to regulate antitumor activity in mice has generated considerable interest in understanding their mode of action. In this study we compare the abilities of IL-2, IL-15, and IL-21 to stimulate immunity against tumor...

full text

Detection of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-12 Serum Levels in Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis

Background: Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. Environmental and genetic factors as well as the immune system participate in this process. Recent studies have attempted to elucidate the role of cytokine networks involved in periodontal diseases. Objective: To assess and compare the levels of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-...

full text

Cytokine interactions in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals: roles of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12, and IL-15

Cytokines have been shown to be powerful regulators of the immune response. In this study, we analyze the effect that the newly recognized cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 has on proliferation and cytokine induction using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and purified CD4+ T cells from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who are at various stages in their disease. We ...

full text

IL-15 regulates immature B-cell homing in an Ly49D-, IL-12 , and IL-18 dependent manner.

To complete their maturation and participate in the humoral immune response, immature B cells that leave the bone marrow are targeted to specific areas in the spleen, where they differentiate into mature cells. Previously, we showed that immature B cells actively down-regulate their integrin-mediated migration to lymph nodes or to sites of inflammation, enabling their targeting to the spleen fo...

full text

My Resources

Save resource for easier access later


Journal title:
iranian journal of immunology

جلد ۱۳، شماره ۳، صفحات ۱۴۸-۱۶۶

Hosted on Doprax cloud platform doprax.com

copyright © 2015-2023